{"id":5334,"date":"2017-07-16T09:32:57","date_gmt":"2017-07-16T09:32:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/?p=5334"},"modified":"2023-07-23T18:44:06","modified_gmt":"2023-07-23T11:44:06","slug":"cloze-test-doc-hieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/cloze-test-doc-hieu\/","title":{"rendered":"Cloze test v\u1ec1 Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0110\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/strong>: Cloze Test cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Ch\u00fang, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 th\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i dung: \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc, th\u01b0\u1eddng cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n<\/strong> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 n\u0103m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh quy c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u0103n b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc (readability formulas<\/em>), nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c Flesch-Kincaid<\/strong>, <\/strong>\u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong Microsoft Word<\/em> (\u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Word, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi Tools > panel Spelling and Grammar > Options: Gammar: Show readability statistics<\/em>). L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 Flesch-Kincaid cho v\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 11, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea5y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1edfi h\u1ecdc sinh cu\u1ed1i c\u1ea5p 3 (high-school seniors<\/em>) – nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh 11 n\u0103m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1eeb phi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong> l\u1edbn, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u1ee9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o trong t\u1ea7m tay b\u1ea1n. Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ean web, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 11,3 ho\u1eb7c 11,6. Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u1ea5p 3, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 cho \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c trang web nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho trang h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi chuy\u00ean gia trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh doanh (Khi h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \/ broad consumer audience<\/em>, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0 8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ednh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc (readability<\/em>)<\/strong> \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m h\u01a1n t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u1edf g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u (comprehension)<\/strong> n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 hai c\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  1. Anh \u1ea5y v\u1eaby hai tay.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Anh \u1ea5y t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u: c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/strong> c\u00f2n c\u00e2u th\u00ec ng\u1eafn<\/strong>. Nh\u01b0ng trong khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u00e0m \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 tay\/quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Singh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y<\/a>.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ngo\u00e0i k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc vi\u1ebft thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 IQ, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


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    Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c Cloze test<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Cloze test<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Thay th\u1ebf N s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng N = 6<\/em>, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb N cao h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecdc v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e1n bi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho t\u1eeb b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u0110i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3 (spelling skills<\/em>), t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u1eeb sai ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3 (mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u00fd hi\u1ec3u v\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trung b\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1eeb 60% tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/strong>, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc cho h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia ki\u1ec3m tra. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc<\/strong> (readability scores<\/em>) v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed9i dung<\/strong> (comprehension scores<\/em>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n