{"id":3497,"date":"2016-09-15T09:53:30","date_gmt":"2016-09-15T09:53:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/?p=3497"},"modified":"2022-02-27T21:02:18","modified_gmt":"2022-02-27T14:02:18","slug":"the-luong-nan-cua-nguoi-tu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/the-luong-nan-cua-nguoi-tu\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9 trong L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh, v\u00f2ng v\u00e8o m\u1ed9t t\u00ed. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia tranh \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u1ec3u v\u1eeba h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5u tranh. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd ch\u1ea1y theo l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111em k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cho c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u01a1n. Ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean ch\u01b0a? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong b\u1ed9 phim “A Beautiful Mind (2001)” – [t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t: M\u1ed9t T\u00e2m H\u1ed3n \u0110\u1eb9p] c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n – kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc John Nash t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u0103m 1994, \u00f4ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cao trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean th\u00ec b\u1ed9 phim kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1eed th\u00e1ch v\u1edbi v\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong phim ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u li\u00ean quan nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, khi John Nash tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18 – Adam Smith.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Adam Smith n\u00f3i: K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
John Nash kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7! \u00d4ng s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, ngo\u00e0i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u00f3<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Quay l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i. C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i dung c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi A v\u00e0 B b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i h\u1ecd 1 n\u0103m t\u00f9. C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 A v\u00e0 B kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o hai ph\u00f2ng bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eady ta c\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 sau, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha b\u1ed5ng, nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m t\u00f9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p dung ho\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i b\u00ean ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m t\u00f9 th\u00f4i. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ea3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 2 n\u0103m, nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (t\u1ed5ng l\u00e0 10 v\u00e0 12 n\u0103m t\u00f9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n A v\u00e0 B \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea3ng. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u00e3y x\u00e9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, v\u00ec hai t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec do kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f9 nh\u00e2n A ngh\u0129:<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu B n\u00f3 khai th\u00ec c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng khai ra, n\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng khai, m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 10 n\u0103m t\u00f9. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu B n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00ec t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng v\u1eabn khai ra, b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi \u1ea5y m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha b\u1ed5ng.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a B l\u00e0 A s\u1ebd khai ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n B c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y v\u1eady, c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 khai ra, d\u00f9 cho A c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c l\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u00ean kia ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai s\u1ebd khai ra, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ee3i \u00edch cao nh\u1ea5t cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u01a1n cho h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf tr\u00ean c\u00f2n cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u00fd th\u00fa: n\u1ebfu hai b\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho nhau, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u0169 trang:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c0 qu\u00ean, b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i c\u00f2n \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 sinh vi\u00ean (v\u1ee3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a John Nash) tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c, do v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n cho gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra (m\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda – r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng n\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh, v\u00f2ng v\u00e8o m\u1ed9t t\u00ed. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia tranh \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u1ec3u v\u1eeba h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea5u tranh. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd ch\u1ea1y theo l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[96],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n A – B<\/td> Nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i<\/td> Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i<\/td><\/tr> Nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i<\/td> (6,6)<\/td> (0,10)<\/td><\/tr> Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i<\/td> (10,0)<\/td> (1,1)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\nT\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n