{"id":23547,"date":"2023-01-28T16:55:21","date_gmt":"2023-01-28T09:55:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/?p=23547"},"modified":"2023-08-26T17:49:23","modified_gmt":"2023-08-26T10:49:23","slug":"tim-kiem-tuyen-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/tim-kiem-tuyen-tinh\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh [serial v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh]"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (linear search) c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (sequential search) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm r\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f3 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed3i khi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch duy\u1ec7t qua t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong m\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n<\/a>). T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng nh\u1ecf, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 PHP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

function linear_search($arr, $x)\n{\n    $n = count($arr);\n    for($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++)\n    {\n        if($arr[$i] == $x)\n            return $i;\n    }\n    return -1;\n}\n\n$arr = array(1,3,6,8,9);\n$x = 8;\n$result = linear_search($arr, $x);\n\nif($result == -1)\n    echo \"$x kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong m\u1ea3ng\";\nelse\n    echo \"$x c\u00f3 trong m\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed $result\";<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng for, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng h\u00e0m foreach trong PHP \u0111\u1ec3 duy\u1ec7t t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, v\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hay c\u00f3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \/ ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9o chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 danh s\u00e1ch h\u1ecd t\u00ean c\u1ee7a 100 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i h\u1ecd t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. Khi \u1ea5y thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3ng duy nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 100 ng\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed r\u1ed3i duy\u1ec7t t\u00ecm, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh 29 m\u1ea3ng theo k\u00fd t\u1ef1 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00ean. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00ean t\u00f4i l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c Anh, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm trong m\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea7n A l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng gian t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 ra thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ABC, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u thao t\u00e1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng gian g\u1ed3m 100 ng\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (linear search) c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (sequential search) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm r\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f3 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed3i khi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24637,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[333],"tags":[335],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh [serial v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh] • Ki\u1ebfn c\u00e0ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/tim-kiem-tuyen-tinh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh [serial v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh] • Ki\u1ebfn c\u00e0ng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (linear search) c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (sequential search) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm r\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u trong l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f3 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed3i khi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 n\u00f3. 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