{"id":16882,"date":"2020-05-02T22:33:09","date_gmt":"2020-05-02T15:33:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/?p=16436"},"modified":"2020-05-02T22:33:09","modified_gmt":"2020-05-02T15:33:09","slug":"performance-budget-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/performance-budget-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Performance budget (ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (user experience) v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn <a href=\"https:\/\/wpostats.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh doanh (business metrics)<\/a> c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4i khi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p> &#8220;N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi r\u1ed3i th\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c website hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t&#8221;<\/p><cite>&#8211; m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean qu\u00e1 t\u1ef1 tin<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t hi\u1ebfm khi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ph\u1ee5 (side effect). Nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c- \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00f3 cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. H\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<strong> performance budget<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_60 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-6577d66034806\" ><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input aria-label=\"Toggle\" aria-label=\"item-6577d66034806\"  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6577d66034806\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/performance-budget-la-gi\/#Dinh_nghia\" title=\"\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/performance-budget-la-gi\/#Lua_chon_cac_chi_so\" title=\"L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/performance-budget-la-gi\/#Tong_ket\" title=\"T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft\">T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/performance-budget-la-gi\/#Vai_loi_cua_nguoi_dich\" title=\"V\u00e0i l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch\">V\u00e0i l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"d\u1ecbnh-nghia\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh_nghia\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Performance budget l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p l\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trang web. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trang, th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng di \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP m\u00e0 trang g\u1eedi \u0111i. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a budget gi\u00fap hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t website <strong>c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong>. Performance budget \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 budget c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i cao v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/font-cho-web-va-toc-do-tai-trang\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng web fonts m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng<\/a>. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng gi\u00fap l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c framework c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00fa ph\u00e1p (<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@addyosmani\/the-cost-of-javascript-in-2018-7d8950fbb5d4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">parsing cost<\/a>) c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"l\u1ef1a-ch\u1ecdn-cac-ch\u1ec9-s\u1ed1\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lua_chon_cac_chi_so\"><\/span>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cac-ch\u1ec9-s\u1ed1-d\u1ecbnh-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng-quantity-based-metrics\">C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Quantity-based metrics)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c trang bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 m\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o performance budget ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trang (page weight) v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia ch\u00fang ra th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li>C\u00e1c \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00ec \u1ed5n.<\/li><li>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng web font t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00ec \u1ed5n.<\/li><li>C\u00e1c m\u00e3 JS bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 frameworks c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau th\u00ec \u1ed5n.<\/li><li>T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/tai-javascript-ben-thu-ba\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">m\u00e3 JS c\u1ee7a b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Hai trang c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/cach-trang-web-tai-va-hien-thi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t (render) kh\u00e1c nhau<\/a> ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/duong-dan-hien-thi-trang-quan-trong\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng<\/a>, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh thu h\u00fat (hero image) ho\u1eb7c CSS tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trang n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea3i mu\u1ed9n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd, th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y n\u1ed9i dung h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 theo c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trang s\u1ebd b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trang kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea3i nhanh h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a trang v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i (xem th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/trich-xuat-critical-css\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">critical CSS<\/a> v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/lazy-load-anh-va-video\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">lazy load \u1ea3nh, video<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/qua-trinh-ket-xuat-trang.png\" alt=\"So s\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t trang\" class=\"wp-image-16441\"\/><figcaption>So s\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a trang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a (\u1ea3nh tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t 0,3s \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung h\u1eefu \u00edch) v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a (\u1ea3nh d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 1,5s \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung h\u1eefu \u00edch)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cac-m\u1ed1c-th\u1eddi-gian\">C\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra trong khi trang t\u1ea3i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/Events\/DOMContentLoaded\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DOMContentLoaded<\/a> ho\u1eb7c <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/Events\/load\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">load<\/a>. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/a>&#8211; c\u00e1i n\u00f3i cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i trang. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c API tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Lighthouse.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/first-contentful-paint-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">First Contentful Paint (FCP)<\/a> \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb bit n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb DOM, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/time-to-interactive-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Time to Interactive (TTI)<\/a> \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 trang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho m\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i theo d\u00f5i n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mong \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ki\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean trang, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 click v\u00e0o li\u00ean k\u1ebft, button, g\u00f5, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed form.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cac-ch\u1ec9-s\u1ed1-d\u1ef1a-tren-quy-t\u1eafc\">C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy t\u1eafc<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Lighthouse v\u00e0 <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webpagetest.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">WebPageTest<\/a> t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chung t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng th\u00eam l\u1ee3i \u00edch, Lighthouse c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1c g\u1ee3i \u00fd t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m (m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o k\u00edch c\u1ee1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean trong b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u theo d\u00f5i FCP v\u00e0 TTI c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"thi\u1ebft-l\u1eadp-n\u1ec1n-t\u1ea3ng\">Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean trang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 h\u00e3y th\u1eed n\u00f3-th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li>Time to Interactive c\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi <strong>5 gi\u00e2y<\/strong><\/li><li>C\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 d\u01b0\u1edbi <strong>170 KB<\/strong> (\u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9n v\u00e0 thu nh\u1ecf)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chung v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng 3G trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c (real-wold baseline). <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/277125\/share-of-website-traffic-coming-from-mobile-devices\/\" target=\"_blank\">Hi\u1ec7n nay h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp internet<\/a> di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i di \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00ec th\u1ebf b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng 3G l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cac-vi-d\u1ee5-v\u1ec1-budget\">C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 budget<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 budget t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c cho t\u1eebng ki\u1ec3u trang kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ec n\u1ed9i dung s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li>Tr\u00ean di \u0111\u1ed9ng, trang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi 170 KB JavaScript<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/cong-cu-tim-kiem-algolia-wordpress\/\">Trang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/a> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u00edt h\u01a1n 2 MB \u1ea3nh tr\u00ean m\u00e1y b\u00e0n<\/li><li>Trang ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi 5s tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng 3G ch\u1eadm v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy c\u1eadp l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i Moto G4<\/li><li>Trang blog c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 &gt;80 khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng Lighthouse<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"them-performance-budget-vao-qua-trinh-xay-d\u1ef1ng-trang-c\u1ee7a-b\u1ea1n\">Th\u00eam performance budget v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h3>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/them-performance-budget-1024x341.png\" alt=\"th\u00eam performance budget\" class=\"wp-image-16450\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o quy m\u00f4 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh cho nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u00eam budget v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trang:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/webpack.js.org\/configuration\/performance\/\" target=\"_blank\">Webpack performance features<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/siddharthkp\/bundlesize\" target=\"_blank\">bundlesize<\/a><\/li><li><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/GoogleChrome\/lighthouse-ci\" target=\"_blank\">Lighthouse CI<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3<\/li><li>Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3<\/li><li>Kh\u00f4ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"theo-doi-hi\u1ec7u-su\u1ea5t\">Theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o trang web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee7 nhanh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 sau l\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (initial launch). Theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y qua th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/developers.google.com\/web\/fundamentals\/performance\/navigation-and-resource-timing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c<\/a> s\u1ebd cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh doanh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"t\u1ed5ng-k\u1ebft\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong_ket\"><\/span>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 performance budget l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. V\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00f3 s\u1edbm s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh cho b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3u &#8220;m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng xong&#8221;. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>N\u00f3 n\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong trang web. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/performance-budget-dau-tien-cua-ban\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh performance budget \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/a> trong v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n<p><em>(D\u1ecbch t\u1eed b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft Performance budgets 101, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Milica Mihajlija, trang web[.]dev)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"vai-l\u1eddi-c\u1ee7a-ng\u01b0\u1eddi-d\u1ecbch\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai_loi_cua_nguoi_dich\"><\/span>V\u00e0i l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a di\u1ec5n ra thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, ta ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng khi trang t\u1ea3i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 FCP v\u00e0 TTI. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>N\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3u &#8220;\u0111\u1eadp \u0111i l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i&#8221;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (user experience) v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh doanh (business metrics) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 s\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4i khi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: &#8220;N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi r\u1ed3i th\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c website hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t&#8221; &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[282],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Performance budget (ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? &#8226; Ki\u1ebfn c\u00e0ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/performance-budget-la-gi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Performance budget (ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh cho hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? &#8226; Ki\u1ebfn c\u00e0ng\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (user experience) v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kinh doanh (business metrics) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. 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