{"id":16853,"date":"2021-03-26T17:41:00","date_gmt":"2021-03-26T10:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/?p=14953"},"modified":"2021-03-26T17:41:00","modified_gmt":"2021-03-26T10:41:00","slug":"chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>V\u00e0i l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch: b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/toc-do-website-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 website<\/a>, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Anh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft (b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady), nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng lo l\u1eafng, khi c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4i. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. OK, ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<p>M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 nghe n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 <em>hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 (performance)<\/em> quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o r\u1ed3i. Nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t &#8211; v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o website &#8216;t\u1ea3i nhanh&#8217; &#8211; \u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n\n<p>S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i (relative):<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li>M\u1ed9t trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00e0y (tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhanh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t \/ powerful device) nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1eadm v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c (tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng y\u1ebfu \/ low-end device);<\/li><li>Hai trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i xong ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t trang <em>c\u00f3 v\u1ebb<\/em> t\u1ea3i nhanh h\u01a1n trang c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 t\u1ea3i n\u1ed9i dung d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n [k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt lazy load] thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ee3i cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 xong xu\u00f4i h\u1eb3n m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3);<\/li><li>M\u1ed9t trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <em>hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb <\/em>nhanh nh\u1edd t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i cao nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm (ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng) v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (user interaction).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec th\u1ebf khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau ch\u00ed hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (quantitatively measured). Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 (metrics)<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ch quan (objective criteria) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng (c\u00f3 \u00edch).<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_60 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\" role=\"button\"><label for=\"item-6577d65f99c8b\" ><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input aria-label=\"Toggle\" aria-label=\"item-6577d65f99c8b\"  type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item-6577d65f99c8b\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/#1_Dinh_nghia_cac_chi_so\" title=\"1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1\">1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/#2_Cac_chi_so_duoc_do_luong_nhu_the_nao\" title=\"2. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\">2. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/#3_Cac_kieu_chi_so_khac_nhau\" title=\"3. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau\">3. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/#4_Cac_chi_so_quan_trong_can_do\" title=\"4. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111o\">4. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/#5_Cac_chi_so_tuy_chinh\" title=\"5. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh\">5. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Dinh_nghia_cac_chi_so\"><\/span>1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t web \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng <a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/API\/Window\/load_event\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n load<\/a>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f9 cho s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n <em>load<\/em> l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (well-defined moment) trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a trang (page&#8217;s lifecycle), kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t trang t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (minimal page) r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 &#8220;t\u1ea3i&#8221; ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n t\u00ecm n\u1ea1p n\u1ed9i dung (defer fetching content) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec tr\u00ean trang cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y sau khi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n load k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. Trong khi m\u1ed9t trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea3i nhanh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i trang (page loading).<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Trong v\u00e0i n\u0103m qua, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i Chrome-trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m <a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/webperf\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">W3C Web Preformance<\/a>-\u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a b\u1ed9 API v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a trang web.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecbnh khung ch\u00fang v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m sau:<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/td><td>Li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng? M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i hay ch\u01b0a?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00edch kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/td><td>Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c render (k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t) \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng?<\/strong><\/td><td>Li\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi trang, hay n\u00f3 b\u1ecb b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i?<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00fa v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/td><td>C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01a1n tru, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i hay l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb lag v\u00e0 jank?<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Cac_chi_so_duoc_do_luong_nhu_the_nao\"><\/span>2. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong hai c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong> (lab): s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng t\u1ea3i trang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (controlled environment);<\/li><li><strong>Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/strong> (filed): nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi trang.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o trong c\u1ea3 hai t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn tr\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n c\u00e1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i- trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u00f3i chung th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>Ki\u1ec3u tra hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c khi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c, v\u00ec th\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00fang trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">B. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, trong khi ki\u1ec3m tra trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp (\u1ee7y th\u00e1c) h\u1ee3p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a trang thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng\/internet c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o chuy\u1ec7n li\u1ec7u (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch) ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi trang.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u1ea3i trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c trang m\u00e0 t\u1ea3i n\u1ed9i dung c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi trang. Ki\u1ec3u \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Real User Monitoring &#8211; ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 RUM.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Cac_kieu_chi_so_khac_nhau\"><\/span>3. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c (perceived load speed)<\/strong>: m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 render t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n visual (tr\u1ef1c quan) c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh;<\/li><li><strong>\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ea3i (load responsiveness)<\/strong>: m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00e3 JavaScript n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhanh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng;<\/li><li><strong>\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng runtime<\/strong>: sau khi trang t\u1ea3i, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng trang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng;<\/li><li><strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c (visual stability)<\/strong>: c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean trang c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng mong ch\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \/ can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng?<\/li><li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t (smoothness)<\/strong>: c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 k\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (animations render) c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 khung h\u00ecnh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>Hy v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trang.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Cac_chi_so_quan_trong_can_do\"><\/span>4. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<ul><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/first-contentful-paint-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">First contentful paint (FCP)<\/a><\/strong>: \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi trang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c <a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/cach-trang-web-tai-va-hien-thi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c render tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh<\/a>. (lab, field);<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/largest-contentful-paint-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Largest contentful paint (LCP<\/strong>)<\/a>: \u0111o th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi trang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kh\u1ed1i v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c render tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh. (lab, field);<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/first-input-delay\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>First input delay (FID<\/strong>)<\/a>: \u0111o th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi trang (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi h\u1ecd click v\u00e0o li\u00ean k\u1ebft, nh\u1ea5n button ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean JavaScript) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 (field);<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/time-to-interactive-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Time to Interactive (TTI)<\/a><\/strong>: \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb khi trang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c quan, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 script ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3) ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (lab);<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/total-blocking-time-la-gi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Total blocking time (TBT)<\/a><\/strong>: \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa FCP v\u00e0 TTI khi lu\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (lab);<\/li><li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/cumulative-layout-shift\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cumulative layout shift (CLS)<\/a><\/strong>: \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i layout kh\u00f4ng mong ch\u1edd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb khi trang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u1ea9n (lab, field);<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>D\u00f9 danh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 runtime responsiveness v\u00e0 smotthness hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn).<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ri\u00eang cho trang web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Cac_chi_so_tuy_chinh\"><\/span>5. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t li\u1ec7t k\u00ea b\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng quan chung v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c trang tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi web. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng t\u1ed1t khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 chung \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m khi m\u1ed9t trang c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1- \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t. <\/p>\n\n\n<p>L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 LCP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian khi n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a trang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i xong, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean trang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf LCP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color has-background\">PS t\u1eeb Ki\u1ebfn c\u00e0ng: th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG quan tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean trang r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, nh\u1edd th\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y theo \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u00f3m Web Performance Working c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c API c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n\n\n<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/w3c.github.io\/user-timing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">User Timing API<\/a>;<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/w3c.github.io\/longtasks\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Long Tasks API<\/a>;<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/wicg.github.io\/element-timing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Element Timing API<\/a>;<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/w3c.github.io\/navigation-timing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Navigation Timing API<\/a>;<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/w3c.github.io\/resource-timing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Resource Timing API<\/a>;<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/w3c.github.io\/server-timing\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Server timing<\/a>;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh (custom metrics) tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c API, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean trang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. <\/p>\n\n\n<p><em>(D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: User-centric performance metrics, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Philip Walton, website: web[.]dev)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00e0i l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch: b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 website, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Anh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft (b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady), nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng lo l\u1eafng, khi c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[282],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng &#8226; Ki\u1ebfn c\u00e0ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Thay v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/chi-so-hieu-suat-nguoi-dung\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng &#8226; 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