{"id":11179,"date":"2018-12-26T03:44:43","date_gmt":"2018-12-26T03:44:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/?p=11179"},"modified":"2018-12-31T12:55:50","modified_gmt":"2018-12-31T12:55:50","slug":"ky-vong-ngang-bang-mung-cuoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kiencang.net\/ky-vong-ngang-bang-mung-cuoi\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng: M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh chi ph\u1ed1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"
Sau khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed9 khung l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi<\/a>, t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho n\u00f3 trong b\u00e0i g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n<\/a>, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u00f4i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh chi ph\u1ed1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng\u00a0<\/strong>(r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111i c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i<\/em>, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00ec K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u00ean ph\u00eda m\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1edbi (c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 hay gia ch\u1ee7 n\u00f3i chung), v\u00e0 b\u00ean ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ec1u mong mu\u1ed1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh b\u1ecf ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 2 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m r\u00f5:<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, th\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe k\u1ec3, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 sau: m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u1edf qu\u00ea m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbi con \u00f4ng, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd to\u00e0n m\u1eebng 500 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c l\u00f2ng \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecd m\u1eebng t\u1ea7m 300 ng\u00e0n th\u00f4i. V\u00ec \u00f4ng s\u1ee3 sau n\u00e0y khi h\u1ecd m\u1eddi l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eebng l\u1ea1i!<\/p>\n B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi. V\u00e0 khi m\u1eddi l\u1ea1i quan kh\u00e1ch tham d\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 mong nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng” v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a m\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi h\u00e0i x\u1ea3y ra, n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn, th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra. Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tr\u00e1ch m\u00f3c ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3:<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft (n\u01a1i k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t cao), k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chung, c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3:<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3\u00a0<\/strong>(trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/em>)\u00a0=\u00a0Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng<\/strong>\u00a0(c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>) +\u00a0\u03b1*\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1\u00a0M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, v\u00ec c\u00e1c m\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m soi v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p\u00a0Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng<\/strong>\u00a0(c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>) th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt h\u01a1n ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 h\u1ecd b\u1ecf ra (\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 l\u1ea1 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u1edf tr\u00ean). V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi con s\u1ed1 thu\u1ea7n tu\u00fd ph\u1ea3i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, n\u1ebfu hai \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1ch xa v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t! (v\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u1ed3i c\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 10 n\u0103m, m\u00ecnh m\u1eebng 200 ng\u00e0n, m\u00e0 gi\u1edd n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1eebng 200 ng\u00e0n).<\/p>\n Tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1\u00a0\u03b1 c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn (t\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n ti\u1ec1n), th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u0103m soi Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng, n\u1ebfu r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0m c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ed9c b\u1ea1ch ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0: “C\u1ed7 c\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i b\u00f9 th\u00eam v\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t vui v\u00ec h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3”<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1n \u00fd tr\u00ean, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ea1n nam[1]:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n\u00a0\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1\u00a0M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/strong>, c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 c\u0169ng mong mu\u1ed1n r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn x\u1ea3y ra khi s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi t\u1ebf h\u01a1n th\u00ec n\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng khung tham chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t (ch\u1ec9 g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n).<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef, nh\u01b0 b\u1eadn con nh\u1ecf, eo h\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf do ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m con, s\u1ed1ng theo khu\u00f4n ph\u00e9p gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 ch\u1ed3ng, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 hai k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. V\u1eady c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng:<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3\u00a0<\/strong>(trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/em>)\u00a0= Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng<\/strong>\u00a0(c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>) +\u00a0\u03b1*\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1\u00a0M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/strong>\u00a0+ C\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/p>\n V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, d\u00f9 cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u0169ng v\u1eabn gi\u00fap c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1ebf tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u1ec1 sau ch\u00ednh c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng b\u1edfi ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. Th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang ta quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 2 phong c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/p>\n Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ki\u1ec3u truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng sang hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n V\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa gia ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb b\u00f3 trong khung th\u1eddi gian\/kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ea5t h\u1eb9p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0o b\u00e0n, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n (th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c l\u1edbn t\u1eeb bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c, m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ea1t), c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 ra t\u1eebng b\u00e0n ti\u1ec7c m\u1eddi r\u01b0\u1ee3u, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n (v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t hay trao phong b\u00ec v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y). H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 di\u1ec5n ra trong 5 – 10 ph\u00fat (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu ch\u1ed7 th\u00e2n t\u00ecnh) v\u00ec c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i sang c\u00e1c b\u00e0n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0: \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi (g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi) \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n trong phong b\u00ec m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi! V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3:<\/p>\n M\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u, m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m m\u00ecnh gi\u00e0u th\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng coi tr\u1ecdng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00ean m\u1edbi m\u1eebng \u00edt th\u1ebf!<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Xem l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c b\u00ean tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng:<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3\u00a0<\/strong>(trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/em>)\u00a0= Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng<\/strong>\u00a0(c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>) +\u00a0\u03b1*\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1\u00a0M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/strong>\u00a0+ C\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u1ebfu m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c\/v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i). Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng<\/strong> \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1\u00a0\u03b1 <\/strong>l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p n\u1eefa th\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng r\u00fat g\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 sau:<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3\u00a0<\/strong>(trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi<\/em>)\u00a0= Ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng<\/strong>\u00a0(c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u\/ch\u00fa r\u1ec3 mong nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>)<\/p>\n V\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ra sao th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c trang m\u1ea1ng lan truy\u1ec1n c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f2i ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi [2]. Khi c\u00f4 d\u00e2u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eafn tin cho kh\u00e1ch (ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb quen bi\u1ebft) m\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00e8m lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng. R\u1ed3i v\u00e0i h\u00f4m sau th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i 500 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f4 ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi cho kh\u00e1ch m\u1eddi khi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y c\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n kho\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 d\u00e2u. C\u00f3 v\u1ebb ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4, vi\u1ec7c m\u1eebng c\u01b0\u1edbi cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 m\u1eebng ti\u1ec1n. V\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f4 d\u00e2u mu\u1ed1n “\u0111\u00f2i n\u1ee3”. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng.<\/p>\n Tr\u00edch d\u1eabn:<\/p>\n\n
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Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh<\/h2>\n
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C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ngang b\u1eb1ng?<\/h2>\n
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Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f2i ti\u1ec1n m\u1eebng<\/h2>\n